2023年成人高考《英語(yǔ)》高頻詞匯匯總
一、“every”(每一個(gè))只作為定語(yǔ)使用，即必須在其后加上單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成名詞短語(yǔ)，它不可與everyone(每一個(gè))混淆。 everyone相當(dāng)于名詞，它不可修飾其他名詞，只作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)
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1) Every [A] knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated， but how many [B] realize that they were once [C] homes for the indigent and the friendless [D] ?
2) Everyone [A] child in the United States must [B] receive [C] some form of educational instruction [D] .
例題解析
1) A錯(cuò)。every不可單獨(dú)充當(dāng)句子成分，應(yīng)在其后加上person或改為everyone.
2) A錯(cuò)。改為Every，修飾child.
二、“much”和“many”分別修飾不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞，可作為代詞(如much of)和形容詞使用
3) Food seasoning plays an important [A] role in the cooking [B] customs of much [C] cultures in [D] the world.
4) The general sales tax has been [A] a major source of income for state governments， much [B] of which derive more than half [C] of their budgets from [D] it.
5) Data received from [A] two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidence [B] that huge thunderstorms are now occurring [C] around the equator [D] of the planet Saturn.
例題解析
3) C錯(cuò)。應(yīng)改為of many，因?yàn)楸恍揎椩~cultures為可數(shù)名詞，故其修飾語(yǔ)應(yīng)用many，而much要修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
4) B錯(cuò)。應(yīng)改用many，因此處所指代的是可數(shù)名詞governments(復(fù)數(shù))，many在本句中為代詞，作非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)。
5) B錯(cuò)。應(yīng)改為much evidence，因?yàn)閑vidence(證據(jù)，跡象)為不可數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)用much來(lái)修飾。
三、 “some”和“any”是表示不定數(shù)量的代詞，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的“一些”，作定語(yǔ)可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，其中some(包括它的合成詞 something，someone， somebody)多用于肯定句，而any(包括它的合成詞anything， anyone， anybody)則用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，其中any在否定句中相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)中的“任何”;形容詞修飾something， someone， somebody， anything， anyone， anybody， nothing， nobody時(shí)，形容詞要放在這些詞的后邊
6) Historians [A] have never reached some general [B] agreement about [C] the precise causes of the [D] Civil War in the United States.
例題解析
6) B錯(cuò)。應(yīng)為any general，因?yàn)楸揪錇榉穸ň?否定副詞never)，應(yīng)該用any，此處表示“(沒(méi)有達(dá)成過(guò)) 任何共識(shí)”。
四、“another”和“other”分別表示“另外的一個(gè)”(an+other)和“另外的”“其余的”意思，可以用作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)，其中前者只用來(lái)修飾或指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，后者修飾單復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，二者不能相互混淆
7) Lizards lack [A] the built?in body temperature control [B] many another [C] creatures possess [D] .
8) Some bacterium are extremely [A] harmful， but anothers [B] are regularly [C] used in producing cheeses， crackers， and many other foods [D] .
9) Like [A] most another [B] art forms， the Greek tragedy had [C] its origins in religious [D] observances.
例題解析
7) C錯(cuò)。應(yīng)改用other來(lái)修飾可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞creatures.本句是一個(gè)省略了關(guān)系代詞that(或which)的定語(yǔ)從句，control為名詞作主句中及物動(dòng)詞(謂語(yǔ))lack的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)又受其后面定語(yǔ)從句的修飾。
8) B錯(cuò)。 改為others.
9) B錯(cuò)。 改為other.
五、one與other “one”作為代詞代替前面提到的人或物，它前邊加the; “other”作代詞修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 “one…another”表示“一個(gè)…另一個(gè)”的意思，或表示多個(gè)(三者以上)之中的“另一個(gè)”，“又一個(gè)”; “one…the other”表示兩者之中剩下的“另一個(gè)，又一個(gè)”
10) I‘d like to [A] buy a coat similar [B] to one [C] you are wearing [D] .
11) Though [A] Art Tatum was totally blind in one eye and had only slight [B] vision in another [C] ， he became [D] an internationally renowned jazz musician
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